{"id":830,"date":"2023-03-17T15:51:23","date_gmt":"2023-03-17T14:51:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.dlls.univr.it\/alpilink\/mocheno-2\/"},"modified":"2026-02-19T11:04:29","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T10:04:29","slug":"mocheno","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/mocheno\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f2cheno"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_2 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image us_custom_447bff20 has_ratio align_none\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><div style=\"padding-bottom:133.3333%\"><\/div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Valle_dei_Mocheni_-_SantOrsola_Terme-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Valle_dei_Mocheni_-_SantOrsola_Terme-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Valle_dei_Mocheni_-_SantOrsola_Terme-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Valle_dei_Mocheni_-_SantOrsola_Terme.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><h2 class=\"w-text\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">M\u00f2cheno<\/span><\/span><\/h2><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le m\u00f2cheno est une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 germanique parl\u00e9e dans le Trentin, plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment dans le <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fersental<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (en allemand) ou <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Valle del Fersina<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (en italien), environ \u00e0 20 km \u00e0 l\u2019est de la ville de Trente. Les locutrices et locuteurs, outre le mot <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">m\u00f2cheno<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, utilisent le terme <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">bersntolerisch<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ou <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">de inger sproch<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (lit. \u2018notre langue\u2019) pour faire r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 linguistique du <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fersental<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Les premiers colons de langue allemande s\u2019y \u00e9tablirent aux alentours du XIII<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00e8me<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> si\u00e8cle, et provenaient non seulement du Tyrol mais \u00e9galement de localit\u00e9s environnantes, colonis\u00e9es par des communaut\u00e9s germanophones.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aujourd\u2019hui, le m\u00f2cheno est une enclave linguistique germanique qui comprend les communes de Palai en Bersntol (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pal\u00f9 del Fersina<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> en italien), Vlarotz (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fierozzo<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) et Garait\/Oachlait (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Frassilongo\/Roveda<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">). Les locutrices et locuteurs sont normalement au moins trilingues: outre le m\u00f2cheno, l\u2019italien standard (langue de scolarisation) et le <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/trentino\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dialecte trentin<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> local sont \u00e9galement parl\u00e9s. Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 r\u00e9cemment, le m\u00f2cheno \u00e9tait une langue presque exclusivement orale. En 2003, l\u2019Institut Culturel M\u00f2cheno (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bersntoler Kulturinstitut<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, BKI) a publi\u00e9 une grammaire normative de la langue contenant \u00e9galement une proposition d\u2019orthographe (Rowley 2003, bas\u00e9e sur Rowley 1986, 2010).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En outre, le BKI a coordin\u00e9 ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es plusieurs activit\u00e9s en faveur de la protection de cette langue minoritaire menac\u00e9e d\u2019extinction, comme par ex. la publication d\u2019un dictionnaire (s\u2019kloa be.be, disponible \u00e9galement en ligne \u00e0 l\u2019adresse <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/kib.ladintal.it\/)\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">http:\/\/kib.ladintal.it\/)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et la standardisation de l\u2019orthographe utilis\u00e9e pour les noms de lieux qui, en accord avec la loi provinciale, doivent \u00eatre \u00e9crits en m\u00f2cheno. Dans la classification dialectologique, le m\u00f2cheno appartient au groupe des dialectes bavarois m\u00e9ridionaux (voir les articles de Bidese &amp; Cognola 2013 ainsi que Rabanus 2017). Avec le <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/ladino\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ladin<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et le <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/cimbro\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cimbre<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, le m\u00f2cheno fait partie des langues minoritaires prot\u00e9g\u00e9es par la l\u00e9gislation de la Province autonome de Trente, ainsi que par la loi nationale italienne n\u00b0482\/1999.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences bibliographiques<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rabanus, Stefan (2017): Die Grenze zwischen S\u00fcdbairisch und Zimbrisch. In Alexandra Lenz et al. (dir.): <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bayerisch-\u00d6sterreichische Variet\u00e4ten zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts \u2013 Dynamik, Struktur, Funktion. Akten der 12. Bayerische-\u00d6sterreichischen Dialektologentagung<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Stuttgart: Steiner, pp. 407-422.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rowley, Anthony (1986): <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fersental (val F\u00e8rsina bei Trient\/Oberitalien). Untersuchung einer Sprachinselmundart<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. T\u00fcbingen: Niemeyer.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S kloa\u2019be.be = <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S kloa\u2019 bersntoler Beirterpuach. Piccolo vocabolario m\u00f2cheno. Das kleine Fersentaler W\u00f6rterbuch<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (2009). Palai en Bersntol: Institut Culturel M\u00f2cheno.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Code: ISO 639-3 mhn<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Pour approfondir<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bidese, Ermenegildo &amp; Federica Cognola (2013) (dir.): <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosenbergesellier.it\/ita\/scheda-libro?aaref=104\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduzione alla linguistica del m\u00f2cheno<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Turin: Rosenberg &amp; Sellier.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rowley, Anthony (2003): <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.libreriauniversitaria.it\/liacht-as-de-sproch-grammatica\/libro\/9788894253610\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Liacht as de sproch. Grammatica della lingua m\u00f2chena\/Grammatik des Deutsch-Fersentalerischen<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Palai en Bersntol: Institut Culturel M\u00f2cheno\/Kulturinsitut Bersntol-Lus\u00e9rn.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rowley, Anthony (2010): <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de\/frontdoor\/index\/index\/docId\/14831\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Deskriptive Grammatik des Deutsch-Fersentalerischen (M\u00f2cheno).<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Schweizer, Bruno &amp; Stefan Rabanus (2012):<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iris.univr.it\/retrieve\/handle\/11562\/429137\/26152\/ZSA_ridotto.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Z<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">imbrischer und fersentalerischer Sprachatlas. Atlante linguistico cimbro e m\u00f2cheno<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Lus\u00e9rn: Kulturinstitut Lus\u00e9rn\/Palai en Bersntol: Bernstoler Kulturinstitut.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Autres ressources internet<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/kib.ladintal.it\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bersntoler Beirterp\u00f2nk<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Dictionnaire m\u00f2cheno-italien\/allemand)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/clam2021.unitn.it\/\">CLAM 2021<\/a> (Cimbro Ladino M\u00f2cheno 2021): enqu\u00eate sur les pratiques d\u2019usage linguistique et les attitudes vis-\u00e0-vis des langues minoritaires des personnes habitant les communes de minorit\u00e9s linguistiques des provinces de Trente, Bozen-Bolzano et Belluno<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Site web de la communaut\u00e9 m\u00f2cheno<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bersntol.it\/\">Bersntoler Kulturinstitut<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"w-btn-wrapper align_center\"><a class=\"w-btn us-btn-style_1\" title=\"Le nostre variet\u00e0\" href=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/le-nostre-varieta\/\"><span class=\"w-btn-label\">D\u00e9couvrez les autres vari\u00e9t\u00e9s<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"M\u00f2chenoLe m\u00f2cheno est une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 germanique parl\u00e9e dans le Trentin, plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment dans le Fersental (en allemand) ou Valle del Fersina (en italien), environ \u00e0 20 km \u00e0 l\u2019est de la ville de Trente. Les locutrices et locuteurs, outre le mot m\u00f2cheno, utilisent le terme bersntolerisch ou de inger sproch (lit. \u2018notre langue\u2019) pour faire...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-830","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=830"}],"version-history":[{"count":36,"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/830\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7222,"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/830\/revisions\/7222"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}