{"id":757,"date":"2023-03-17T15:05:41","date_gmt":"2023-03-17T14:05:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.dlls.univr.it\/alpilink\/dialetti-trentini\/"},"modified":"2026-03-17T07:55:54","modified_gmt":"2026-03-17T06:55:54","slug":"trentino","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/trentino\/","title":{"rendered":"Trentin"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_2 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image us_custom_447bff20 has_ratio align_none\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><div style=\"padding-bottom:133.3333%\"><\/div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20201010_160637-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20201010_160637-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20201010_160637-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><h2 class=\"w-text us_custom_c1b4c343 has_text_color\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">Trentin<\/span><\/span><\/h2><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_c1b4c343 has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les dialectes appel\u00e9s \u2018trentins\u2019, parl\u00e9s dans la province de Trente, sont d\u2019origine romane. Ceux-ci sont subdivis\u00e9s en dialectes de type v\u00e9nitien dans la partie orientale du Trentin et de type lombard dans la partie occidentale; la zone centrale pr\u00e9sente des caract\u00e9ristiques des deux types. Finalement, dans la partie sud de la vall\u00e9e de l\u2019Adige, un dialecte de transition entre le trentin central et le v\u00e9ronais est parl\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les traits linguistiques qui caract\u00e9risent le lombard sont la chute de toutes les voyelles finales \u00e0 l\u2019exception de <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, trait partag\u00e9 avec le fran\u00e7ais (par ex. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00f2s<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2018os\u2019, tandis que l\u2019italien a <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">osso<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">); la pr\u00e9sence des voyelles ant\u00e9rieures arrondies <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00fc<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00f6<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (comme &lt;u&gt; et &lt;eu&gt; en fran\u00e7ais; par ex. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">l\u00fcna<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2018lune\u2019, tandis que l\u2019italien prononce <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">louna<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">); et la palatalisation pour indiquer le pluriel des noms et adjectifs qui terminent par &#8211;<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les traits linguistiques qui caract\u00e9risent le v\u00e9nitien sont la conservation desdites voyelles finales (par ex. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">oso<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2018os\u2019) et l\u2019absence des voyelles <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00fc<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00f6<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Dans les vall\u00e9es de Non, de Sole, de Ledro (seulement la partie plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e) et de Rendena, l\u2019on retrouve des caract\u00e9ristiques linguistiques de type alpin (ou semi-ladin), comme la palatalisation de <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ga<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ca<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> issus du latin, trait partag\u00e9 avec le fran\u00e7ais (par ex. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ciavra<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2018ch\u00e8vre\u2019, tandis que l\u2019italien a <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">capra<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans le domaine de la syntaxe \u00e9galement, il y a des diff\u00e9rences notables entre l\u2019italien et les dialectes trentins. Dans les dialectes trentins, comme dans certaines vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de V\u00e9n\u00e9tie et comme en fran\u00e7ais, l\u2019on utilise le pronom clitique <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">il<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> devant les verbes tels que \u2018neiger\u2019, \u2018pleuvoir\u2019 etc. (appel\u00e9 sujet expl\u00e9tif ou impersonnel). Les deux exemples qui suivent l\u2019illustrent (avec le verbe \u2018neiger\u2019):<\/span><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\">\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-757-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/flac\" src=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/S0136_tre_U0409.flac?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/S0136_tre_U0409.flac\">https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/S0136_tre_U0409.flac<\/a><\/audio><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><u>L<\/u>\u2019a fioc\u00e0<\/em> <sub><sub><sub>(Lavis, S0136_tre_U0409, Rabanus et al. 2022)<\/sub><\/sub><\/sub><\/figcaption><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-757-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/flac\" src=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/S0136_tre_U0451.flac?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/S0136_tre_U0451.flac\">https:\/\/alpilink.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/S0136_tre_U0451.flac<\/a><\/audio><br \/>\n<\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><u>L<\/u>\u2019a neveg\u00e0<\/em> <sub><sub>(Trento, S0136_tre_U0451, Rabanus et al. 2022)<\/sub><\/sub>\u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019usage de ce sujet expl\u00e9tif avec les verbes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques est typique des langues comme l\u2019anglais (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">it<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has snowed<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), l\u2019allemand (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">es<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> hat geschneit<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) ainsi que les dialectes germaniques locaux, comme par exemple le cimbre (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">z<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> hatt gesnibet<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (S0136_cim_U0620, Rabanus et al. 2022)), si bien qu\u2019il a \u00e9t\u00e9 propos\u00e9 que le contact prolong\u00e9 avec les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s germanophones locales et la similitude de la construction \u00e0 la surface auraient jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le dans la pr\u00e9servation de ce trait linguistique (Tomaselli &amp; Bidese 2023).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les dialectes sont amplement utilis\u00e9s dans le Trentin, avant tout dans les vall\u00e9es montagneuses. Les donn\u00e9es statistiques ISTAT de 2015 montrent que 30% des individus utilise principalement le dialecte dans le cadre familial, tandis que 24,8% utilise le dialecte aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de l\u2019italien en famille. Les textes r\u00e9dig\u00e9s en dialecte avant le XIX<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00e8me<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> si\u00e8cle sont peu nombreux: le premier document attest\u00e9 est le <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Statuti dei Battuti della citt\u00e0 di Trento<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, datant du XIV<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00e8me<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> si\u00e8cle. Au cours des XIX<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00e8me<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et XX<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00e8me<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> si\u00e8cles, le dialecte a avant tout \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 sous forme \u00e9crite pour la r\u00e9daction de po\u00e8mes et de pi\u00e8ces de th\u00e9\u00e2tre. Le premier dictionnaire dialectal (dialecte de Rovereto &#8211; italien), \u00e9crit par Giovan Battista Azzolini, date de 1856.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Litt\u00e9rature sur le sujet et sources des donn\u00e9es audio<\/span><\/i><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rabanus, Stefan, Anne Kruijt, Marta Tagliani, Alessandra Tomaselli, Andrea Padovan, Birgit Alber, Patrizia Cordin, Roberto Zamparelli &amp; Barbara Maria Vogt (2022): <a href=\"http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/20.500.12124\/46\"><em>VinKo (Varieties in Contact) Corpus v1.1<\/em><\/a>. Bozen-Bolzano: ERCC.<\/li>\n<li>Tomaselli, Alessandra &amp; Ermenegildo Bidese (2023): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2226-471X\/8\/1\/44\">Fortune and decay of lexical expletives in Germanic and Romance along the Adige River<\/a>. <em>Languages 8(1), 44<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Tomasini, Giulio (1960): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.abebooks.it\/Profilo-linguistico-regione-tridentina-TOMASINI-Giulio\/1027588659\/bd\"><em>Profilo linguistico della regione tridentina<\/em><\/a>. Trente: Saturnia.<\/li>\n<li>Casalicchio, Jan &amp; Patrizia Cordin (2020): <a href=\"https:\/\/iris.unipa.it\/handle\/10447\/371445\"><i>Grammar of Central Trentino: A Romance Dialect from North-East Italy<\/i>.<\/a>\u00a0 Leiden: Brill.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Autres ressources Internet<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fmserver.unitn.it\/fmi\/webd\/Lemma?homeurl=https:\/\/www.unitn.it\/\">Archives lexicales des dialectes Trentin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cultura.trentino.it\/Pubblicazioni\/Il-vernacolo.-Dizionario-del-dialetto-di-Vattaro\">D<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ictionnaire du dialecte<\/span> de Vattaro<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cultura.trentino.it\/Patrimonio-on-line\/Dizionario-toponomastico-trentino\/\">Dictionnaire toponomastique trentin<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/VocabolarioTrentino\/mode\/2up\">Ricci, Vittore. 1904. <i>Vocabolario Trentino Italiano.<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/more.museosanmichele.it\/alfabeto-delle-cose\/\">L&#8217;alfabeto delle cose &#8211; Museo Ethnographico Trentino<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/arcopoesia.wordpress.com\/piccolo-vocabolario-trentino-italiano\/\">Piccolo vocabolario trentino-italiano.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><b>Sites web de la communaut\u00e9 trentine<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cultura.trentino.it\/\">Trentino Cultura<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/centroculturaledanaunia\/?locale=it_IT\">Centro Culturale d&#8217;Anaunia Casa de Gentili<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/proculturacentrostudinonesi\/\">Pro Cultura: Centro Studi Nonesi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.centrostudiperlavaldisole.it\">Centro Studi per la Val di Sole<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.judicaria.it\/\">Centro Studi Judicaria<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"w-btn-wrapper align_center\"><a class=\"w-btn us-btn-style_1\" title=\"Le nostre variet\u00e0\" href=\"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/le-nostre-varieta\/\"><span class=\"w-btn-label\">D\u00e9couvrez les autres vari\u00e9t\u00e9s<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_medium\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><!-- \/wp:post-content --><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><!-- \/wp:freeform -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Trentin Les dialectes appel\u00e9s \u2018trentins\u2019, parl\u00e9s dans la province de Trente, sont d\u2019origine romane. Ceux-ci sont subdivis\u00e9s en dialectes de type v\u00e9nitien dans la partie orientale du Trentin et de type lombard dans la partie occidentale; la zone centrale pr\u00e9sente des caract\u00e9ristiques des deux types. Finalement, dans la partie sud de la vall\u00e9e de l\u2019Adige,...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-757","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/757","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=757"}],"version-history":[{"count":68,"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/757\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7435,"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/757\/revisions\/7435"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alpilink.it\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=757"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}